{"id":21925,"date":"2005-07-19T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2005-07-18T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.barcelonatribuna.com\/los_desafios_de_la_globalizacion_en_el_inicio_del_siglo_xxi\/"},"modified":"2005-07-19T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2005-07-18T22:00:00","slug":"los_desafios_de_la_globalizacion_en_el_inicio_del_siglo_xxi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.amicsdelpais.com\/es\/los_desafios_de_la_globalizacion_en_el_inicio_del_siglo_xxi\/","title":{"rendered":"Los desaf\u00edos de la globalizaci\u00f3n en el inicio del siglo XXI"},"content":{"rendered":"         <p class=\"link_ariadna\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amicsdelpais.com\/es\/publicaciones\">Publicaciones<\/a><\/p>                   <h1 class=\"wp-block-post-title\">Los desaf\u00edos de la globalizaci\u00f3n en el inicio del siglo XXI<\/h1>          <style>.kb-row-layout-id15198_fd4370-d2 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15198_fd4370-d2 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15198_fd4370-d2 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:40px;row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:24px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, calc(70% - ((40px * 1 )\/2)))minmax(0, calc(30% - ((40px * 1 )\/2)));}.kb-row-layout-id15198_fd4370-d2 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15198_fd4370-d2 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 2fr) minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15198_fd4370-d2 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15198_fd4370-d2 alignnone header_article_agenda wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-left-golden kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">         <style>.kadence-column15198_b1d053-1d > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15198_b1d053-1d > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15198_b1d053-1d > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15198_b1d053-1d > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column15198_b1d053-1d > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column15198_b1d053-1d > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15198_b1d053-1d{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15198_b1d053-1d > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15198_b1d053-1d > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>         <div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15198_b1d053-1d\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><figure class=\"wp-block-post-featured-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"179\" src=\"https:\/\/www.amicsdelpais.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/art_180_fgec.jpg\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"object-fit:cover;\" \/><\/figure><\/div><\/div>                   <style>.kadence-column15494_3829e6-92 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15494_3829e6-92 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15494_3829e6-92 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15494_3829e6-92 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column15494_3829e6-92 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column15494_3829e6-92 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15494_3829e6-92{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15494_3829e6-92 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15494_3829e6-92 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>         <div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15494_3829e6-92\">             <div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">                                  <style>.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box14181_ae7a89-85 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box14181_ae7a89-85 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:0px solid var(u002du002dglobal-palette7, #eeeeee);border-right:0px solid var(u002du002dglobal-palette7, #eeeeee);border-bottom:1px solid #979797;border-left:0px solid var(u002du002dglobal-palette7, #eeeeee);border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;background:var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:0px;margin-bottom:10px;}.kt-info-box14181_ae7a89-85 .kadence-info-box-icon-container .kt-info-svg-icon, .kt-info-box14181_ae7a89-85 .kt-info-svg-icon-flip, .kt-info-box14181_ae7a89-85 .kt-blocks-info-box-number{font-size:20px;}.kt-info-box14181_ae7a89-85 .kt-blocks-info-box-media{color:var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:3px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box14181_ae7a89-85 .kt-infobox-textcontent h6.kt-blocks-info-box-title{color:var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-top:5px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box14181_ae7a89-85 .kt-infobox-textcontent .kt-blocks-info-box-text{color:var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);}.kt-info-box14181_ae7a89-85 .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore{background:transparent;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:10px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-info-box14181_ae7a89-85 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:0px solid var(u002du002dglobal-palette7, #eeeeee);border-right:0px solid var(u002du002dglobal-palette7, #eeeeee);border-bottom:1px solid #979797;border-left:0px solid var(u002du002dglobal-palette7, #eeeeee);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-info-box14181_ae7a89-85 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:0px solid var(u002du002dglobal-palette7, #eeeeee);border-right:0px solid var(u002du002dglobal-palette7, #eeeeee);border-bottom:1px solid #979797;border-left:0px solid var(u002du002dglobal-palette7, #eeeeee);}}<\/style> <div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box14181_ae7a89-85 info_block_01\">     <span class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap info-box-link kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-left kt-info-halign-left kb-info-box-vertical-media-align-top\">         <div class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-media-container\">             <div class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-media kt-info-media-animate-none\">                 <div class=\"kadence-info-box-icon-container kt-info-icon-animate-none\">                     <div class=\"kadence-info-box-icon-inner-container\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_book kt-info-svg-icon\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  role=\"img\"><title>Hora<\/title><path d=\"M4 19.5A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 6.5 17H20\"\/><path d=\"M6.5 2H20v20H6.5A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 4 19.5v-15A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 6.5 2z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div>                 <\/div>             <\/div>         <\/div>         <div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\">             <h6 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\">Tipo de publicaci\u00f3n<\/h6><p class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-text\"><a href=\"\/publicacions\/articulos\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Art\u00edculos<\/a><\/p>        <\/div>     <\/span> <\/div>                  <style>.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box15198_70ed2d-ec .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box15198_70ed2d-ec .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:0px solid var(u002du002dglobal-palette7, #eeeeee);border-right:0px solid var(u002du002dglobal-palette7, #eeeeee);border-bottom:0px solid #979797;border-left:0px solid var(u002du002dglobal-palette7, #eeeeee);border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;background:var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:0px;}.kt-info-box15198_70ed2d-ec .kadence-info-box-icon-container .kt-info-svg-icon, .kt-info-box15198_70ed2d-ec .kt-info-svg-icon-flip, .kt-info-box15198_70ed2d-ec .kt-blocks-info-box-number{font-size:20px;}.kt-info-box15198_70ed2d-ec .kt-blocks-info-box-media{color:var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:3px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box15198_70ed2d-ec .kt-infobox-textcontent h6.kt-blocks-info-box-title{color:var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-top:5px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box15198_70ed2d-ec .kt-infobox-textcontent .kt-blocks-info-box-text{color:var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);}.kt-info-box15198_70ed2d-ec .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore{background:transparent;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:10px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-info-box15198_70ed2d-ec .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:0px solid var(u002du002dglobal-palette7, #eeeeee);border-right:0px solid var(u002du002dglobal-palette7, #eeeeee);border-bottom:0px solid #979797;border-left:0px solid var(u002du002dglobal-palette7, #eeeeee);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-info-box15198_70ed2d-ec .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:0px solid var(u002du002dglobal-palette7, #eeeeee);border-right:0px solid var(u002du002dglobal-palette7, #eeeeee);border-bottom:0px solid #979797;border-left:0px solid var(u002du002dglobal-palette7, #eeeeee);}}<\/style> <div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box15198_70ed2d-ec info_block_01\">     <span class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap info-box-link kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-left kt-info-halign-left kb-info-box-vertical-media-align-top\">         <div class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-media-container\">             <div class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-media kt-info-media-animate-none\">                 <div class=\"kadence-info-box-icon-container kt-info-icon-animate-none\">                     <div class=\"kadence-info-box-icon-inner-container\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_calendar kt-info-svg-icon\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  role=\"img\"><title>Hora<\/title><rect x=\"3\" y=\"4\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" rx=\"2\" ry=\"2\"\/><line x1=\"16\" y1=\"2\" x2=\"16\" y2=\"6\"\/><line x1=\"8\" y1=\"2\" x2=\"8\" y2=\"6\"\/><line x1=\"3\" y1=\"10\" x2=\"21\" y2=\"10\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div>                 <\/div>             <\/div>         <\/div>         <div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\">             <h6 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\">Data<\/h6>             <p class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-text\">19-07-2005<\/p>         <\/div>     <\/span> <\/div>              <\/div>                      <\/div>                    <\/div><\/div>          <style>.kb-row-layout-id15198_57c2d8-c9 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15198_57c2d8-c9 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15198_57c2d8-c9 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, calc(70% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)))minmax(0, calc(30% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)));}.kb-row-layout-id15198_57c2d8-c9 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15198_57c2d8-c9 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 2fr) minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15198_57c2d8-c9 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15198_57c2d8-c9 alignnone content_article_agenda wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-left-golden kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">         <style>.kadence-column15198_459565-82 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15198_459565-82 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15198_459565-82 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15198_459565-82 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column15198_459565-82 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column15198_459565-82 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15198_459565-82{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15198_459565-82 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15198_459565-82 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>         <div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15198_459565-82\">             <div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">             <div class=\"autor_post wp-block-post-author-name\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amicsdelpais.com\/es\/author\/antoni-garrell\/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"wp-block-post-author-name__link\">Antoni Garrell Guiu<\/a><\/div>             <div class=\"summary_post wp-block-post-excerpt\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt\">An\u00e1lisis de la situaci\u00f3n y retos que conlleva la globalizaci\u00f3n del mercado y la eliminaci\u00f3n de las cuotas que limitaban los intercambios comerciales entre paises. <\/p><\/div>                           Al gener de 2005 va esdevenir realitat l\u2019eliminaci\u00f3 de les quotes existents limitadores d\u2019intercanvis comercials entre pa\u00efsos, en concret les quotes t\u00e8xtils. <b>La liberalitzaci\u00f3 mundial esdevindr\u00e0 realitat<\/b>, amb ella finalitza el llarg per\u00edode de globalitzaci\u00f3 o \u2018internacionalitzaci\u00f3\u2019 consistent en col\u00b7locar els productes disponibles en nous mercats, tot buscant tant les avantatges dels tipus d\u2019inter\u00e8s i canvi com els menors costos de les mat\u00e8ries primeres, els subministraments o la ma d\u2019obra.   Amb la liberalitzaci\u00f3 plena del comer\u00e7 s\u2019inicia una globalitzaci\u00f3 en la que el repte \u00e9s \u201cl\u2019optimitzaci\u00f3 del proc\u00e9s de generaci\u00f3 de valor en un context internacionalitzat\u201d, Un proc\u00e9s que afecta fortament tant al mercat del treball, trencant els models en que les comunitats i els col\u00b7lectius humans han centrat la seva activitat productiva i organitzacional, com a les potencialitats dels territoris.  La liberalitzaci\u00f3 arrib\u00e0 en un mon configurat en tres grans blocs: <b>L\u2019Asi\u00e0tic<\/b>, al que al competitiu i avan\u00e7at Jap\u00f3, s\u2019han afegit la \u00ddndia amb 1.050 milions d\u2019habitants, la Xina amb: 1.200 milions i creixements superiors al 10%, Corea, Taiwan, Indon\u00e8sia, Tail\u00e0ndia. Aquest pa\u00efsos configuren un \u00e0rea amb costos altament competitius, col\u2022lectius humans preparats, aplegant gaireb\u00e9 1\/3 de la classe consumidora mundial, uns 500 milions de persones. <b>USA<\/b>, amb un model econ\u00f2mic avan\u00e7at i consolidat, amb xifres d\u2019atur baixes, nivells de recerca elevats, i indicadors d\u2019innovaci\u00f3 creixents. I <b>Europa<\/b>, amb \u00edndexs de recerca i innovaci\u00f3 baixos i amb un model pol\u00edtic, econ\u00f2mic i social en construcci\u00f3, fet que origina l\u2019abs\u00e8ncia de projecte clar de futur i dificulta la competitivitat i la requjerida presa de posicions.  L\u2019evoluci\u00f3 de la globalitzaci\u00f3, entesa com internacionalitzaci\u00f3, cap la globalitzaci\u00f3 entesa com optimitzaci\u00f3 dels processos de generaci\u00f3 de valor, comporta tot un conjunt de mesures, entre elles: Aprofitar totes les oportunitats de mercat i no sols les derivades dels costos o compet\u00e8ncies professionals; Configurar i esperonar el funcionament de les xarxes existents; Obtenir rendibilitat dels actius intangibles de les organitzacions i els territoris; Reformular les potencialitats mitjan\u00e7ant aliances estrat\u00e8giques i t\u00e0ctiques; Assolir la simultane\u00eftat en l\u2019estrat\u00e8gia i l\u2019execuci\u00f3; I assumir els compromisos i estrat\u00e8gies globals conjuntament i compatibles amb les locals.   Aquest reptes que presenta la globalizacio del segle XXI, s\u2019enquadren en el marc de la Societat del Coneixement, conseq\u00fcentment de l\u2019economia del Coneixement. En aquest aspecte cal constatar que el fet d\u2019incorporar coneixement als processos productius no es quelcom nou, La societat industrial tamb\u00e9 es caracteritz\u00e0 per incorporar el coneixement en els processos productius, per\u00f2 hi ha tres aspectes caracter\u00edstiques  que diferencien l\u2019era actual de la precedent:  <ol><li>El temps requerit en el segle XX, l\u2019era industrial, per incorporar el coneixement als processos productius era gran, normalment transcorrien anys abans de que l\u2019avens cient\u00edfic i tecnol\u00f2gic es convertia en PIB. Ara es tot el contrari, el anys s\u2019han convertit en mesos, els descobriments cient\u00edfics i els nous \u00fatils tecnol\u00f2gics es succeeixen amb rapidesa, i la vida dels productes no sobrepassa els 2 anys. L\u2019obsolescencia es manifesta, i si be els productes poden continuar aportant quantitat o volum de facturaci\u00f3 la seva capacitat d\u2019aportaci\u00f3 de marge es molt baixa, conseq\u00fcentment la feblesa de les empreses amb aquest tipus de productes es molt alta. <li>Abans la compet\u00e8ncia, el mercat, en la majoria de vegades era local, conseq\u00fcentment les estructures productives, la cultura, els costos semblant, similars. Aquest no es el cas d\u2019ara on la globalitzaci\u00f3 informacional i cient\u00edfica, juntament amb la liberalitzaci\u00f3 del comer\u00e7 genera unes organitzacions productives molt distants i condicionades als territoris productius, i amb freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia no respectant les regles de joc. <li>L\u2019Especialitzaci\u00f3 en \u00e0rees del saber es regionalitza a escala planet\u00e0ria originant que avui ja no es el gran qui es menja el petit sin\u00f3 el r\u00e0pid que es menja al lent, aquest es un fet que obliga als territoris a esdevenir excel\u00b7lent en el desenvolupament o aplicaci\u00f3 d\u2019\u00e0rees especifiques del saber, de tal manera que la no presa r\u00e0pida de posici\u00f3 pot condicionar la seva p\u00e8rdua per d\u00e8cades.<\/ol>\u00c9s en aquest context on cal afirmar que no hi ha empreses, serveis i productes de l\u2019era industrial o de la del coneixement, hi ha empreses i organitzacions que saben adaptar-se per afrontar aquest tres aspectes caracteritzadors de la Societat del Coneixement: disponibilitat de l\u2019avens cient\u00edfic per \u00e9sser emprat per les empreses, mercat global, regionalitzaci\u00f3 del coneixement a nivell planetari, en un context de globalitzaci\u00f3 optimitzadora dels processos de generaci\u00f3 de valor. Adaptar-se esdeve clau i fer-ho vol dir, entre altres, considerar, prendre mesures, i afrontar actuacions en:  <ul><li>Introduir canvis en la organitzaci\u00f3.  <li>Buscar les millors oportunitats per rendibilitzar els actius. <li>Distribuir els processos, o parts dels mateixos,  en les ubicacions mes escaients: localitzaci\u00f3 \u00f2ptima.  <li>Ajustar els escenaris i mecanismes d\u2019assumpci\u00f3 i rendici\u00f3 de responsabilitats, tant dels directrius com dels professionals en general. <li>L\u2019adopci\u00f3 de models descentralitzat de producci\u00f3 i desenvolupament. <li>Establir models de presa de decisions en temps real properes als llocs d\u2019acci\u00f3 dotant-los de la informaci\u00f3 i les compet\u00e8ncies requerida, i a la vegada instal\u00b7lant una cultura tolerant a l\u2019error quant ens permet aprendre quelcom nou,  o es produeix en el marc de les responsabilitats atorgades i amb la finalitat d\u2019assolir els objectius. El que \u00e9s el mateix: toler\u00e0ncia en l\u2019error per acci\u00f3 i comprom\u00eds, i intoler\u00e0ncia en l\u2019error per inhibici\u00f3, manca de comprom\u00eds o renuncia al exercici de la responsabilitat. <li>Construir una cultura de  mentalitat global, de fidelitat al equip i de simbiosis entre cient\u00edfics, tecnolegs i creatius. <li>Innovar sense efectuar trencadisses ajustant-se als mercats.<\/ul>Aquest son sens lloc a dubtes  desafiaments assolir i les capacitats requerides per afrontar-los per les aquelles empreses que volem perpetuar-se i seguir competint en aquest nou i desafiant escenari. Aquest es sens dubte el repte del mon empresarial catala, un texit empresarial configurat per empreses amb excessiva freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia petites, talment microempresests, no podem obviar-ho, el estudis ho eviencient, es especialment rellevat el publicat per l\u2019INE3 -J. Torrent i J. Vilaseca- al desembre 2003, on es constatava que el 85% de les empreses ubicades a Catalunya tenen menys de 5 treballadors, per\u00f2 aporten el 60% del PIB, conseq\u00fcentment el seu primer repte es el volum, l\u2019adopci\u00f3 de la massa critica requerida per afrontar els ajustos requerits, i els segon la capacitat d\u2019innovar en totes les seves vessant i molt especialment en organitzaci\u00f3 i en producte.  Respecte el primer, el volum de les empreses catalanes, es requerit endegar pol\u00edtiques i actuacions encaminades a cooperar per competir. Aquest fet obliga a superar els models d\u2019organitzacions jerarquitzades, e inclus aquelles basades en cooperaci\u00f3  en xarxa assumint els models vertebrats en \u201cl\u2019articulaci\u00f3 de grups empresarials d\u2019abast global\u201d, es a dir: connectar unitats o empreses independents amb l\u2019objectiu d\u2019assolir una finalitat especifica, empreses que operen conjuntament en les dimensions temps i territoris per arribar a la m\u00e0xima efici\u00e8ncia i efic\u00e0cia, coordinades por un equip d\u2019alta direcci\u00f3.   Quant al segon desafiament la innovaci\u00f3, requereix capacitat d\u2019innovar en tecnologia, en processos, en organitzaci\u00f3 i en producte, de forma sincr\u00f2nica i integral, assumint que la innovaci\u00f3 en sols alguns dels eixos no permet assolir la totalitat dels guanys.   Si be la innovaci\u00f3 no es quelcom nou, des de la d\u00e8cada dels 60 es un tema analitzar i tractat des de fa molt temps, cal recordar que el model relatiu a recerca i innovaci\u00f3 usualment es considera d\u2019acord a l\u2019establert per Frascati (poble del Nord d\u2019It\u00e0lia on a mitjans de la d\u00e8cada dels 60 s\u2019establiren els criteris) ja no es suficient,  la definici\u00f3 amb pocs retocs es molt anterior als aven\u00e7os tan significatius en el camp de la telem\u00e0tica i la computaci\u00f3, i llunyans als escenaris de la Societat del Coneixement. Aquest proces d\u2019innovaci\u00f3 ha comportat significatius aven\u00e7os en la innovaci\u00f3 en processos productius, b\u00e0sicament industrials, i en tecnologia, cal constatar  que la  innovaci\u00f3 relativa a la organitzaci\u00f3 i al producte no s\u2019ha abordat amb rigurositat i sistematitzaci\u00f3 per moltes organitzacions ni han existit pol\u00edtiques incentivadores per part de l\u2019Administraci\u00f3, tot oblidant que sense innovar en organitzaci\u00f3  les empreses no podran adaptar-se i existir en el context de la globalitzaci\u00f3 que actualment estem immersors i que previsiblement es desenvolupar\u00e0 en la propera d\u00e8cada a menys que greus confrontacions mundials avortin l\u2019actual proc\u00e9s. Quant a la innovaci\u00f3 en producte, aut\u00e8ntic repte de les empreses, cal panteixar-la en el seu sentit mes ampli es a dir considerant els elements que aporten valor al producte i situar-se en la tipologia de valors dels mateixos. La innovaci\u00f3 en producte es sustenta en la triada Ci\u00e8ncia, tecnologia i disseny en un marc temporal accelerat i desequilibrat entre empreses quant a les possibilitats d\u2019acc\u00e9s als aven\u00e7os. La capcitat de innova en producte i en organitzaci\u00f3 \u00e9s  el binomi d\u2019\u00e8xit de les empreses i que cal afrontar amb determinaci\u00f3 i sense dilacions.   Mentre el primer es responsabilitat b\u00e0sica dels empresaris, directius i col\u00b7laboradors de les organitzacions, el segon requereix d\u2019estructures territoritorials i pol\u00edtiques facilitadores, en aquesta l\u00ednia es b\u00e0sic:  <ul><li>La continu\u00eftat del flux de generaci\u00f3 i aplicaci\u00f3 del coneixement establint pol\u00edtiques integrals de recerca, innovaci\u00f3 i disseny, tot garantint el trasp\u00e0s dels resultats de recerca cap el teixit productiu, i el sorgiments de noves iniciatives emprenedores. <li> La disponibilitat de xarxes enfocades a la innovaci\u00f3 i a l\u2019empreneduria en \u00e0rees d\u2019aplicaci\u00f3 intensiva del coneixement, en aquesta l\u00ednia son instruments d\u2019exits per les empreses el disposar de  <i>Innovation and Design<\/i> Centres al igual als existent en els pa\u00efsos mes avan\u00e7ats i competitius.  . <li>Els marc legislatius que facilitin, possibilitin tal vegada, l\u2019aplicaci\u00f3 dels canvis organitzacionals, laborals, d\u2019obtenir rendibilitat dels actius, de cooperaci\u00f3 transfronterera, tots ells plantejats de forma integral.<\/ul>Actuacions requerides per avan\u00e7ar en el repte d\u2019una globalitzaci\u00f3 en la que permet \u201cl\u2019optimitzaci\u00f3 del proc\u00e9s de generaci\u00f3 de valor en un context internacionalitzat\u201d,  que obliguen reformular les  posicions, estrat\u00e8gies i projectes de les empreses les vegades que siguin necess\u00e0ries per assolir els desafiaments i demandes del mercat global i que impliquen l\u2019exist\u00e8ncia ara d\u2019Innovation and Design Centres complementaris al centres tecnol\u00f2gics claus per assolir la innovaci\u00f3 en l\u2019etapa de globalitzaci\u00f3 entesa com a internacionalitzaci\u00f3. Centres d\u2019innovaci\u00f3 i disseny sorgits, usualment per evoluci\u00f3 dels Centres d\u2019innovaci\u00f3 tecnol\u00f2gica existents o per iniciatives especifiques, amb din\u00e0miques propis que combinant recursos propis amb aliances amb prove\u00efdors tecnol\u00f2gics i de \u2018talent\u2019 per garantir la continu\u00eftat del flux de trasp\u00e0s del avens t\u00e8cnic camp el sistema productiu.   Un nous escenaris que exigeixen noves pol\u00edtiques, instruments i voluntats, tot un conjunt d\u2019elements que el nostre pa\u00eds hauria de disposar sense mes dilaci\u00f3 si volen continuar essent l\u2019economia capa\u00e7 d\u2019aportar les plusvalues  requerides per afrontar l\u2019estat del benestar i el desenvolupament  de les persones. Innovar es requerit per\u00f2 per fer-ho cal disposar de talent  i ambients facilitades. Assolir-ho es l\u2019objectiu i el deure de tots, especialment de qui te la responsabilitat de fer-ho possible.   <b>Antoni Garrell i Guiu President Cercle per al Coneixement<\/b>                                         <style>.kb-row-layout-id22850_b19245-db > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id22850_b19245-db > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id22850_b19245-db > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:24px;padding-bottom:0px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id22850_b19245-db{background-color:#fecc8c;background-image:url('https:\/\/www.amicsdelpais.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/bg_newsletter_01.svg');background-size:auto;background-position:100% 0%;background-attachment:scroll;background-repeat:repeat-y;}.kb-row-layout-id22850_b19245-db > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id22850_b19245-db > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id22850_b19245-db > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id22850_b19245-db alignnone kt-row-has-bg block_newsletter wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column22850_a01aca-24 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column22850_a01aca-24 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column22850_a01aca-24 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column22850_a01aca-24 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column22850_a01aca-24 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column22850_a01aca-24 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column22850_a01aca-24 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column22850_a01aca-24{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column22850_a01aca-24 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column22850_a01aca-24 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column22850_a01aca-24\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Suscr\u00edbete al newsletter<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Suscr\u00edbete al <strong>Newsletter de Amics del Pa\u00eds<\/strong> para estar al d\u00eda de todo lo que hacemos. 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